Inscription number 75.
Vappaghoshavata Plate of Jayanaga
Provenance Uncertain.Now in the Museum of Perth. The provenance of this charter appears to be either improperly recorded for a long time or was unknown and was therefore handed over to Museum of Perth. This was followed by several unsuccessful attempts to translate and annotate the plate. Morrison had also committed similar mistake when he
referred to the find-spot of another Jayanaga’s copperplate.
L. D. Burnett and R. D. Banerji, the two editors of the plate,· regarding identification of the localities mentioned in the record. Burnett sug-
gests that The names of places mentioned by them, besides
Karrasuvarqaka, are the Audumbarika
is the village of Vappaghoshavata.
There were a few serious efforts recent studies on the provenances & archeological sites of
Bengal.
Jayanaga is also not known from any other source, except some coins. bearing the abbreviated name Jaya’ on
the obverse, and Lakshmi standing on lotus, elephants, on either side with trunks raised over her head
possibly emitting showers (see . Allan, B.MC. cat. of coins of the Gupta Dynasties, pp.1, xi, civ, cxxiii,
150-51 and Pl.xxiv) These coins, Allan has attributed to this king.
Jayanaga seems to have been one of the successors of the Imperial Guptas in east Bengal. Like Dharmaditya, Gopachandra and samacharadeva, assumed the imperial title, though,not ruling over a big kingdom. Possibly all these rulers were pretenders to the Gupta throne & their imperial
status.

Greig, who presented it to the Museum
has.left a signed note prefixed to a crude translation of the plate, made in the year 1854, *Translation of
a copper Plate found in the indigo Estate at Mallia,
etc. –” Mallia could not be located.
Script: Gupta Brahmi, of the later half of the sixth century A.D.
Language: Sanskrit.
References: D. Banett, Ep.Ind., XVIII, pp. 60-64.
Footnote 1.

1. From facsimile in Ep.Ind, XVIII, facing pp, 63.
2. Expressed by the spiral symbol.
3. H Beviridge identifies Karnasuvarna, the capital of the ancient kingdom of the same name, with the
   modern city of Rangamati near Murshidabad, which was earlier known as Kansona. These latter names correspond phonetically to Karnasuvarna.

Footnote 2.

1. The Gangini, now known as the Jalangi in Nadia district of East Bengal is mentioned by the Bengali poet Bharata chandra Raya (1740 AD.) in his
   Ananda-Mangala (Ed. M.R. Vidyavagish Calcutta, 1857, pp.136 and 151), as flowing by the village of Andulia,
   which still exists.
   English Translation of the inscription.

Om ! Peace ! In the year of the rise – – – of the Paramabhagavata, divine Maharajadhiraja Sri Jayanaga, when
he was resident in Karnasuvarnaka, and during the period when
his illustrious feudatory chief Narayanabhadra, who meditates
on his feet, is in enjoyment of the Audumbarika district
(vishaya), his Commissioner Mahapratihara Suryasena, is
functioning as administrator of justice, the illustrious chief
i.e Narayanabhadra, gave him ( the commissioner ) the order,
The village of vappaghoshavata has been given as a perpetual
endowment by me, to Bhatta Brahmavira svamin of Kasyapa lineage
and a student of the chhandoga sakha (of the samaveda), for
the increase of merit of my mo ther, Father and myself, You are

to issue (him) a copper-plate charter (duely) marked (lit. adorned) with the District seal, (and) specifying the boundaries.
The boundary marks in this respect are:- on the west, the
boundary of the existing copper-chartered land of the Brahmanas of Kutkutagramas, on the north is the Ganginika river, on the
east the same Gangikikas issuing thence and running along the
western boundary of Amalapautika-grama (the boundary mark) is the mustard road it is limited by the same boundary as far
as Bhatta Unmilanasvamins grant and from the southern section.
thereof, again turning along the very same boundary to the
north direction, reaches as far as the boundary of Bharani- svamins grant thence also zigzagging (pragunena enters the temple-pond of vakhatasumalika (located) on the boundary of Bhatta Unmilanasvamin’s grant (and) goes as far as the same
boundary of the Brahmanas of Kutkutagrama.

Line 15 and 2 or 3 Syllables at the end of 1.14 have been deliberately erased, according to Barnett.

Inscription number 72.
Faridpur Copper-plate Inscription of the time of Gopachandra –Regnal year 18.
Provenance: Faridpur district, Bangla Desh.
Faridpur is one of the seventeen districts in the Dhaka Division and is a major commercial hub of Bangladesh.
It is located on the banks of Padma river.
It is pertinent to mention here that during ancient times i.e the early period of Indian history, the region of Bengal covered vast territorial
area including the modern state of West Bengal and some parts of the adjoining
districts of Assam and Bihar and included most of the parts of present day of Bangladesh.
Script: Late Brahmi of the Northern class of the middle of the 6th century A.D.
Language: Sanskrit,
Metre: Vv.1-2 श्लोक (अनुष्टुभ)
References: F. E. Pargiter, Ind.Ant, XXXIX, 1910, pp.204
D.C. Sircar, sel.Inss, I, pp. 370–72, Bhandarkar’s List, No. 1724 (for other references).
Footnote 1.

1. Pargiter read the date as 19, and deduced from the developed form of य in this record that Gopachandra was
   later than Dharmaditya. His relation with the latter is unknown. His dominions extended from the Faridpur
   District of Bangla Desh to south-west Bengal in India.
   Apparently like Dharma-ditya, he was independent of central Gupta authority. His identification, is suggested with the king of the east called Gopa, in the
   Aryamanjusrimulakalpa (ed. sankrityayana, v. 780)
2. From the facsimile in Ind.Ant. XXXIX.

Footnote 2.

1. Read: तदनुमोदनाल्लब्धा-
2. Pargiter interprets व्यापारण्डय as the business of managing trade. But Sircar suggests the emendation
   व्यापार – कारण्डीय (See supra, III, No.70,L5, n.4)
3. Pargiter क्रियामात्य
4. Read कालेवारक
5. Pargiters स्वामि (ना). ष्ट (स्य) and suggested स्वामिना तस्य
6. Sircar amends to विनय कुण्ड
   Footnote 3.
7. Note that Individualss like Ghoshachandra and
   Anachara and officials like Dharmasila and Siva-chandra, referred to here also figure in the grants of Dharmaditya,
   (Supra III, Nos. 69-70) indicating a close continuity between Dharmaditya and Gopachandra. The latter appears to be the Immediate successor of Dharmaditya.
8. Read
   गुणवते काण्व – वाजसनेयि – लौहित्य – भटट – गोमिदत्त स्वामिने प्रतिपादयितुम्
9. Pargiter suggested अंशमडिन्कतुमिति and Sircar प्रसादड़न्कत्र्तुमिति
10. The first side of the plate is worn out and mostly illegible. Only the first 6 to 10 1etters in the first ten lines and the last few letters in the last five lines,
    are legible. Hence, the reading in worn out part of the plate is conjectural. The same is true about the 1st line on the second side.

Footnote 4.

1. The central lower loop of ण is rubbed out, so it appears to be two letters.
2. Pargiter: नयभूतेस्तु स्थूलावधारणया
3. N.G. Majumdar read
   (Those who are acquainted with administrative affairs). Sircar suggests
   करणिक – जनान्
4. कुलवार possibly means an arbitrator.
5. Appears to be the name of a village.
   English Translation of the inscription.
   Seal: (The seal) of the government of the district of Varakamandala
   L1.1-5: welfare !
   During the sovereignty of the Supreme king of great Kings, Sri Gopachandra, the emperor, who is a matchless
   warrior, is equal in steadfastness to Yayati and Ambrisha, during the administration in Navyavakasika
   of the firmly rooted Kumaramatya-
   Uparika Nagadeva, (who is also) the chief warden of the Gate and Executive 0fficer incharge of Business, who
   gained his position on having been confirmed by him
   (i.e. Gopachandra) ( and when) Vatsapalasvamin is the
   Commissioner of Business in the district of Varakamandala,

L1.5-10s During his (vatsapalasvami’s) term of administration, the Board of Administration headed by the senior most kayastha Nayasena, the Mahattaras beginning with
Mahattara Vishayakunda, Ghoshachandra, Anachara, the Mahattras (and) the chief
Merchants were petitioned, according to their Jurisdiction
(yatharham) by Vatsapalasvamin)
L1,10-15: I desire through your honours favour, to buy at the proper price, a kulyavapa of farmland from your
honour– named Mahakottika
and, in order to augment the religious merit of my mother and father and my own to bestow it to the virtuous Bhatta Gomidattasvamin, who belongs to Kanva sakha Vajasaneya, charana, Lauhitya gotra. Therefore, let your honours deign to collect the price from me, who am of Bharadvaja gotra and do me the favour (of selling the land).
L1.15-21: wherefore giving heed to this petition, since there is a previously established rule coming down (to us)
that farms are sold at the rate of four dinaras per kulyavapa, we have after getting the land determined through the check-up of land (records) by the record keeper Nayabhuti (and) after the Board of administration, had appointed the arbitrators, well-versed in administrative rules sold one kulyavapa of farmland to Vatsa-palasvamin after getting it marked out with measuring
rods of ashtaka and navaka standard through the agency of
Pratita, Dharmasila and Siva-chandra.
He has also, after having purchased, bestowed it on Bhatta Gomidattasvamin with the legal right of ownership to the succession of his sons grandsons etc.
L1.21-25: And the boundary marks in this respect are: To the
east is the boundarY of Dhruvilati agrahara; to the south is (the village of)
Karanka; to the west is the
boundary of the village of Silakunda; to the north is the boundary of Karanka.
An imprecatory verse is inserted here).
L.25: the year 18. The sumvat 18 is engraved before the second half of the imprecatory verse.
Footnote.
The date should follow the verse.
Sircar takes the word संवत in the sense of a regnal year. It is an abbreviation of संवत्सर, meaning year and is normally used in the sense of a dynastic year or an era. Possibly Gopachandra expected his regnal reckoning to be continued as an era.