Rishi Gautam

Written by Alok Mohan on March 22, 2023. Posted in Uncategorized

ऋषि गौतम
ऋषि गौतम सप्तर्षियों में से एक हैं। उनकी पत्नी का नाम अहिल्या था । अहिल्या ब्रह्मा की मानस पुत्री थी जो विश्व मे सुंदरता में अद्वितीय थी। हनुमान की माता अंजनी गौतम ऋषी और अहिल्या की पुत्री थी। गौतम का आश्रम पारियात्र पर्वत के पास था। उसके वंश ने वहां कई हजार वर्ष राज्य किया। यम को पास आए देखकर ऋषि गौतम ने पूछा, “पितरों का ऋण कैसे उठाए जाता है? यम ने उत्तर दिया, “सत्य, धर्म, तप व शुचिमूर्तता का अवलंब पितरों का पूजन करना चाहिए इससे स्वर्ग की प्राप्ति होती
है।” गौतम ने अकाल पड़ने पर 12 वर्ष तक ऋषियों को भोजन देकर उनकी जीवन रक्षा की। भगीरथ के साथ गौतम ऋषि ने भी तपकर के शंकर को प्रसन्न किया। शंकर ने गौतम को गंगा दी, तब वह गौतमी कहलाई। वायु व ब्रह्माण्ड पुराण के अनुसार गौतम ऋषि सामवेद की राणायनि शाखा के नौ उपशाखाओं में से एक शास्त्र के आचार्य हुए हैं। सामवेद के गोभिल गृह सूत्र में भी गौतम का उल्लेख अनेक बार हुआ है।
एक गौतम ऋषि धर्मशास्त्र कार भी हुए हैं। गौतम स्मृति नामक ग्रन्थ गद्यमय है, उसमें पद्य का नितान्त अभाव है। गौतम धर्मसूत्रकार भी हुए हैं। उस ग्रन्थ में चारों वर्गों के व्यवहार के नियम, उपनयन आदि संस्कार, विवाह तथा उसके प्रकार, प्रायश्चित, राजधर्म, स्त्रियों के कर्त्तव्य, नियोग, महापातक तथा उपपातक के लिए प्रायश्चित, कृच्छु, अतिकृच्छु आदि संस्कारों का वर्णन किया गया है। गौतम धर्मसूत्र में सहिंता, ब्राह्मण, पुराण वेदांग आदि का काफी उल्लेख है, तथा तैतिरीय आरण्यक के पच्चीस उदाहरण भी दिए हैं। बौधायन धर्मसूत्र, वशिष्ठ धर्म शास्त्र, अपरार्क, वेदान्त पर लिखे गए शंकर भाष्य आदि ग्रन्थों में गौतम धर्मसूत्र के बहुत उद्धरण लिए गए है। मनु स्मृति में गौतम का उत्थ्य पुत्र के नाम से उल्लेख है। इससे स्पष्ट है कि यह वसिष्ठ आदि धर्म शास्त्रकारों से पहले हुए हैं। गौतम धर्मसूत्र में ‘यवन’ शब्द का अर्थ “ब्राह्मणों को शूद्रा से उत्पन्न सन्तान दिया है। इससे लगता है कि भारत में युनानी आने से पूर्व भी यह जाति थी। गौतम धर्मसूत्र पर हरदत्त ने मिताक्षरा नामक टीकाऔरकई विद्वानों ने भाष्य भी लिखे हैं। जीवानन्द ने सत्रह सौ शब्दों की गौतम स्मृति छपवाई है। यह स्मृति कृष्ण ने युधि ष्ठर को सुनाई थी। गौतम के अन्य ग्रन्थ पितृमेघ सूत्र, दान चन्द्रिका, न्याय सूत्र, गौतमी शिक्षा आदि हैं।
गौतम अरुण, आग्निवेश्य, उद्दालक, आरुणि, कुक्षि, मेघातिथि साति तथा हारिद्रुमत का यह पैतृक नाम भी है। शाण्डिल्य, आनमिम्लात, गार्ग्य, भारद्वाज, वातस्य, मांटि, सैतव आदि गौतम के शिष्य थें। यह दीर्घतमस का पुत्र था, मां प्रद्वेषी थी. पिता अंगिरस कुल कई पुराणों के अनुसार दीर्घतमस और गौतम एक ही व्यक्ति था। गौतम वैवस्वत मन्वन्तर के सप्तर्षियों में एक थे। ब्रह्मदेव की मानस कन्या अहल्या इनकी पत्नी थी। जनक का पुरोहित शतानन्द इनका पुत्र था। इनके नाम से गोदावरी का नाम गौतमी हुआ।
अन्न का आकाल पड़ने के कारण वृषादर्भि राजा दानकर रहा था। जिन सप्तर्षियों ने दान नहीं लिया। उनमें से गौतम भी था। गौतम का एक शिष्य उत्तंक था। उसे गौतम ने अपनी कन्या दी। उत्तंक ने सौदास राजा से कुंडल लाकर गुरू पत्नी को दक्षिणा दी। बारह वर्षों तक आकाल पड़ा। गौतम ने भोजन देकर ऋषियों को बचाया गौतम और भगीरथ ने तप करके शंकर को प्रसन्न किया शंकर ने गौतम को गंगा दी। गंगा का नाम गौतमी पड़ा। न्यायशास्त्र लिखने वाले गौतम का भी निर्देश प्राप्त हैं। वह अंगिरा कुल का ऋषि और प्रवर है। त्रयवंकेश्वर का अवतार इसी के लिए हुआ था। वह ज्योति लिंग नासिक के पास है। शाखा प्रर्वतक यह व्यास की साम शाखा का हिरण्यनाभ का शिष्य था।
गौतम आन्ध्र वायु मतानुसार शिव स्वामिन का पुत्र था। गौतम आरुणि : इस ऋषि का चौकितानेय वसिष्ठ के साथ ब्रह्मज्ञान के सम्बंध में संवाद हुआ था।
English Translation
Rishi gautam
Sage Gautam is one of the Saptarishis. His wife’s name was Ahilya. Ahilya was the daughter of Lord Brahma, and was unique in beauty in the world. Hanuman’s mother Anjani was the daughter of Rishi Gautam and Ahilya. Gautam’s hermitage was near Pariyatra mountain. Gautma dynasty ruled there for several thousand years.
Seeing Yama approaching, Sage Gautama had once asked yama, “How can the debt of the ancestors be recovered?”
When there was a famine, Gautam saved the lives of sages by feeding them for 12 years. Along with Bhagirath, Gautam Rishi also pleased Shankar by performing penance. Shankar gave Ganga to Gautam, then she was called Gautami, according to Vayu and Brahmanda Purana. According to Gautama Rishi, one of the nine sub-branches of Ramayani branch of Samaveda, has been acharya of Shastra. Gautam has been mentioned many times in Gobhil Griha Sutra of Samaveda, also.
There is also a Gautam Rishi theology. The book named Gautam Smriti is a prose, there is lack of poetry in it. Gautam has also become a Dharma sutrakar. In that book, the rules of behavior of the four classes, upanayana . rites, marriage and its types, Atonement, Rajdharma, duties of women, Niyog, Atonement for Mahapataka and Upapatak, Krichchu, Atikrichchu etc. rituals have been very well described. There is a mention of Sahinta, Brahmana, Purana Vedanga etc. in Gautam Dharmasutra, and twenty five examples of Taittiriya Aranyaka are also given. Many quotes from Gautam Dharmasutra have been taken from the books like Baudhayana Dharmasutra, Vashishtha Dharma Shastra, Aparark, Shankar Bhashya etc. as has been written in Vedanta. Gautama is mentioned by the name of Uthya Putra in Manu Smriti. It is clear from this that it happened before Vasistha etc. In Gautam Dharmasutra, the meaning of the word ‘Yavan’ is “given to Brahmins, born from Shudra”. It seems that yavans were there even before the coming of Greeks in India. Haradatta called Mitakshara commentary on Gautam Dharmasutra and many scholars have also written commentaries. He has printed Gautama Smriti of seventeen hundred words. This Smriti was narrated by Krishna to Yudhisthira. Other texts of Gautama are Pitremegh Sutra, Dan Chandrika, Nyaya Sutra, Gautami Shiksha etc.
This is also the ancestral name of Gautam Arun, Agnivesya, Uddalak, Aruni, Kukshi, Meghatithi Sati and Haridrumat. Shandilya, Anamimlat, Gargya, Bharadwaj, Vatsya, Manti, Saitav etc. were the disciples of Gautama. He was the son of Dirghtamas, his mother was Pradveshi. Father Angiras According to many Puranas, Dirghatamas and Gautama were the same person. Gautam Vaivaswat was one of the Saptarishis of Manvantar. Brahmadev’s Manas daughter Ahalya was his wife. Janak’s priest Shatanand was his son. Godavari was named Gautami by his name.
Due to the famine of food, Vrishadarbhi king was doing charity. The Saptarishis did not accept the donation. Gautam was also among them. Uttanka was a disciple of Gautama. Gautama gave him his daughter. Uttank brought the coil from Saudas Raja and gave dakshina to the Guru’s wife. There was a famine for twelve years. Gautam saved the sages by giving them food, Gautam and Bhagirath pleased Shankar by doing penance, Shankar gave Ganga to Gautam. Ganga was named Gautami. The instructions of Gautama who wrote jurisprudence are also received. He is a sage and pravara of Angira clan. Trayavankeshwar was incarnated for this. That Jyoti Linga is near Nashik. Branch pioneer He was a disciple of Hiranyanabha of Sama branch of Vyasa.
According to Gautama Andhra Vayu, Shiva was the son of Swamin.
Gautam Aaruni: This sage had a conversation with Chaukitaneya Vasistha regarding the knowledge of Brahman.

Alok Mohan

The admin, Alok Mohan, is a graduate mechanical engineer & possess following post graduate specializations:- M Tech Mechanical Engineering Production Engineering Marine engineering Aeronautical Engineering Computer Sciences Software Engineering Specialization He has authored several articles/papers, which are published in various websites & books. Studium Press India Ltd has published one of his latest contributions “Standardization of Education” as a senior author in a book along with many other famous writers of international repute. Alok Mohan has held important positions in both Govt & Private organisations as a Senior professional & as an Engineer & possess close to four decades accomplished experience. As an aeronautical engineer, he ensured accident incident free flying. As leader of indian team during early 1990s, he had successfully ensured smooth induction of Chukar III PTA with Indian navy as well as conduct of operational training. As an aeronautical engineer, he was instrumental in establishing major aircraft maintenance & repair facilities. He is a QMS, EMS & HSE consultant. He provides consultancy to business organisations for implimentation of the requirements of ISO 45001 OH & S, ISO 14001 EMS & ISO 9001 QMS, AS 9100, AS9120 Aero Space Standards. He is a qualified ISO 9001 QMS, ISO 14001 EMS, ISO 45001 OH & S Lead Auditor (CQI/IRCA recognised certification courses) & HSE Consultant. He is a qualified Zed Master Trainer & Zed Assessor. He has thorough knowledge of six sigma quality concepts & has also been awarded industry 4, certificate from the United Nations Industrial Development Organisation Knowledge Hub Training Platform  He is a Trainer, a Counselor, an Advisor and a Competent professional of cross functional exposures. He has successfully implimented requirements of various international management system standards in several organizations. He is a dedicated technocrat with expertise in Quality Assurance & Quality Control, Facility Management, General Administration, Marketing, Security, Training, Administration etc. He is a graduate mechanical engineer with specialization in aeronautical engineering. He is always eager to be involved in imparting training, implementing new ideas and improving existing processes by utilizing his vast experience.