Rishi Uddalak Aruni
ऋषि उद्दालक आरूणि :
उद्दालक अरुणी, वैदिक युग के एक संत थे जो कई संस्कृत ग्रंथों और उनकी दार्शनिक शिक्षाओं की रचना के लिए प्रसिद्ध थे।
उद्दालक आरूणि अध्यात्म विद्या का प्रसिद्ध आचार्य हुआ है। राज्याभिषेक के समय कहने वाले मंत्रों के सम्बंध में इसका मत सभी मानते हैं। आरुणि और उद्दालक आरूणि एक ही ऋषि है। ऐसा विद्वानों का विचार है। श्वेतकेतु औद्दालकि आरूणेय :
इस ऋषि का उल्लेख शतपथ ब्राह्मण, छांदोग्य उपनिषद, बृहदारण्यक उपनिषद आदि में पाया जाता है। अरूण, उद्दालक का वंशज होने के कारण इसका नाम औद्दालकि आरुणेय पड़ा। कौषतकि उपनिषद में इसे आरुणि का पुत्र और गौतम ऋषि का वंशज कहा गया है। अन्य ब्राह्मणों के साथ यह विदेह के राजा जनक के दरबार में गया था। ऋषि वाजसनेय से इसका वाद-विवाद हुआ परन्तु याज्ञवल्क्य ऋषि से यह पराजित हो गया।
श्वेत केतु बचपन में बहुत उदण्ड था। बारह वर्ष तक इसका उपनयन नहीं हुआ। इसके पिता ने कहा, अपने कुल में कोई विद्याहीन पैदा नहीं हुआ। यह 12 वर्ष की आयु में गुरूगृह गया और 24 वर्ष की आयु तक वहां रहा। विद्या प्राप्ति के बाद वह बहुत घमण्डी हो गया। पिता ने इसे पुस्तक ज्ञान से अनुभव गम्य ज्ञान प्राप्त करने को कहा।
श्वेत केतु के पिता द्वारा उसे दिया हुआ ज्ञान “तत्त्वमसि” उपदेश छांदोग्य उपनिषद् में प्राप्त है। ऋषि श्वेत केतु महान् समाज सुधारक माना गया है। समाज कल्याण की दृष्टि से इसने अनेक नियम स्थापित किए। इसने ब्राह्मणों के लिए मध् यपान तथा पर स्त्री गमन वर्जित ठहराया। ब्राह्मण अपनी पत्नी का संरक्षण अच्छी प्रकार करे। इसने नए नियम बनाकर विवाह-संस्था की नींव को दृढ़ किया देवल ऋषि की पुत्री सुवर्चला इसकी पत्नी थी।
जनमेजय के सर्पसूत्र का भी यह सदस्य था। इसने वंदिन नामक आचार्य को वाद-विवाद में परास्त किया था। सम्भवतः यह कोई अन्य श्वेतकेतू होगा।
English Translation
Rishi Uddalak Aruni:
Uddalaka Aruni, was a sage of Vedic era who was famous for composing several Sanskrit texts and his philosophical teachings.
Uddalak Aruni became a famous teacher of spiritual sciences. This opinion is accepted by all regarding the mantras recited at the time of coronation. Aruni and Uddalak Aruni are the same sage. This is the view of the scholars. Mention of the sage “Svetaketu Auddalaki Aruneya” is found in Shatapatha Brahmana, Chhandogya Upanishad, Brihadaranyaka Upanishad etc. Aruni, being a descendant of Uddalak, was named Uddalaki Aruney. In the Kaushataki Upanishad, he is said to be the son of Aruni and a descendant of Gautam Rishi. Along with other Brahmins, he went to the court of King Janak of Videha. He had a debate with sage Vajsaneya but was defeated by sage Yajnavalkya.
White Ketu was very boisterous in childhood. His father once said, no one was born without education in his family. He went to Gurugriha at the age of 12 and remained there till the age of 24. After getting education, he became very proud. The father advised him to get the knowledge of life book by experiences.
The knowledge given to him by the father of Shwetketu is found in the “Tattvamasi” sermon of Chhandogya Upanishad. Sage Shwetketu has been considered a great social reformer. He established many ethics & rules from the point of view of social welfare. He forbade drinking alcohol and courting women for Brahmins. Brahmin should protect his wife well. He strengthened the foundation of the institution of marriage by making new marriage rules. Deval Rishi’s daughter Suvarchala was his wife.
He was also a member of Janamejaya’s Sarpasutra. He defeated a teacher named Vandin in a debate. Probably he may be some other Shwetketu.
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