Kurram Copper Relic Casket Inscription

Written by Alok Mohan on June 9, 2022. Posted in Uncategorized

77. Kurram Copper Relic Casket Inscription
— (Saka) Year 21 ( A. D. 99)
PROVENANCE: Exact find-spot not known.Presented in 1917 by
a villager to a son of the Tehsildar of Kurran, near Peshavar, N..P. P, Pakistan
Script: Kharoshthi
Language: Local Prakrit.
References: Sten Konow C. I.I., II,i, pp- 152-55, V. Natesa Alyar with revised text by F.W. Thomas, Ep.Ind XVIII, Pp. 16 ff, DC. Sircar, Sel.Inss, I. pp-148-49.

1. From the facsimile in C.I.I, II, i, opp. pp-154, Pls. XXVIII and XXIX and Ep. Ind XVIII, PLS. between pp. 18 and 19. The four lines of the inscription are
inscribed in punctured dots in an unbroken stream on the four rectangular sided of the casket rising on a square base. Thus each line gets divided into four sections, marked here as A B. C and D.
2. Macedonian month Audunaios, which overlaps parts of Pausha and Magha.

3. Thomas reads त्शुत्रवमयश्पुत्रस नवकमिअस संघ
यठ एठ तष तष्ष तब तबे प्रचग शोय

1. This is the anuloma section of the text of the Pratitya-Samutpada or the Nldana-sutra, which the Lord Buddha
revealed soon after his enlightenment under the Bodhi tree at Bodh Gayaa. Time text given here is in the local
dialect as the Buddha had permitted every one to learn the sacred text in one’s own language (See Uldenberg’s
reference to the Chullavagga in his Introduction to the Vinayaka-pltaka, (pl- XLVIII) The litarary Pali version of
the satra is contained in the Mabāvagga of the Vinayaka-pitaka.
And this version is prefaced by an account of the incidents, which had up to the propounding of the
doctrine of causes and effects by Holy Sakyamuni.
Coming from the mouth of the Lord himself, the sanctity of the Sutra is considered at par with his relics. The shrines where its copy ie found, interred with. His
ashes are those considered as important by the Buddhists.
The complete sutra and its vibhanga, in Sanskrit were found incised on some bricks, unearthed at Nalanda in
Nidana Sutra is also found recorded in Sanskrit, in two inscriptions from Gorakhpur district of UP. One found in the Mahaparinirevana stupa in
Kasia. ancient Kusinagara and the other in Gopalpur. The Gopalpur version being fuller is reproduced as under:-
Anno 21, on the 20th day of the month of Awadunaka.
At this instant svaitravarman son of Yasas established a relic of the Lord sakyamuni (1-e the buddha) in his own
charming new vihara, in the acceptance of (occapied by) the Sarvastivada teachers. In a stupa, as it had been spoken by the Lord.
From ignorance spring impressions, from impressions spring consciousness. from consciousness
spring name and form, from name and form spring the six receptacles (of senses)
From the six receptacles spring contact, from contact spring
sensation. from sensation spring craving, from craving springs
attachment. from attachment spring existence, from existence

spring birth, from birth, spring old age, death, grief. lamentation, suffering, mental disturbance and tension.
From this series (of cause and effect) arises the mass of suffering.
(This body relic of the lord) and this Patitya-Samutpada have been established (by Svaitravaman for being
worshipped by all beings) It has been written (engraved) by Mahipatika for being worshipped by all beings.

1. in the text stands for Sanskrit य That is उपग्रस =उपायास
From उप +आ + यस
to heat, to strive oneself, to stretch,
Fatigue weariness, strain, tension
to heat. strive oneself, to stretch,
get weary
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Alok Mohan

The admin, Alok Mohan, is a graduate mechanical engineer & possess following post graduate specializations:- M Tech Mechanical Engineering Production Engineering Marine engineering Aeronautical Engineering Computer Sciences Software Engineering Specialization He has authored several articles/papers, which are published in various websites & books. Studium Press India Ltd has published one of his latest contributions “Standardization of Education” as a senior author in a book along with many other famous writers of international repute. Alok Mohan has held important positions in both Govt & Private organisations as a Senior professional & as an Engineer & possess close to four decades accomplished experience. As an aeronautical engineer, he ensured accident incident free flying. As leader of indian team during early 1990s, he had successfully ensured smooth induction of Chukar III PTA with Indian navy as well as conduct of operational training. As an aeronautical engineer, he was instrumental in establishing major aircraft maintenance & repair facilities. He is a QMS, EMS & HSE consultant. He provides consultancy to business organisations for implimentation of the requirements of ISO 45001 OH & S, ISO 14001 EMS & ISO 9001 QMS, AS 9100, AS9120 Aero Space Standards. He is a qualified ISO 9001 QMS, ISO 14001 EMS, ISO 45001 OH & S Lead Auditor (CQI/IRCA recognised certification courses) & HSE Consultant. He is a qualified Zed Master Trainer & Zed Assessor. He has thorough knowledge of six sigma quality concepts & has also been awarded industry 4, certificate from the United Nations Industrial Development Organisation Knowledge Hub Training Platform  He is a Trainer, a Counselor, an Advisor and a Competent professional of cross functional exposures. He has successfully implimented requirements of various international management system standards in several organizations. He is a dedicated technocrat with expertise in Quality Assurance & Quality Control, Facility Management, General Administration, Marketing, Security, Training, Administration etc. He is a graduate mechanical engineer with specialization in aeronautical engineering. He is always eager to be involved in imparting training, implementing new ideas and improving existing processes by utilizing his vast experience.